Wednesday, May 23, 2007
diamond images
DIAMOND IMAGE
Diamond, composed of carbon, is the hardest natural substance in the world. Each carbon atom is surrounded by four neighboring carbon atoms in a tetrahedral coordination that is the result of a covalent bond and a face-centered arrangement in the cubic unit cell. Diamond is in the isometric crystal system, which is reflected in the commonly found octahedral or cubic crystal form. The external crystal class is 4/mBar32/m, while the space group designation is F41dBar32/m. Twins are common on the {111} plane. It has perfect four directional cleavage, adamantine luster, and both a high refractive index, 2.42, and specific gravity, 3.52. Color is usually pale yellow to colorless, but can also be brown, blue, green, orange, red, and black. Diamond may be up to 3 billion years old, which is much older than their surface host rock (Harlow, 1998, p. 60). Diamond crystallization originates some 200 kilometers, or 320 miles, beneath the surface and the disaggregated crystals are merely transported to the surface via kimberlite and lamproite pipes (Harlow, 1998, p. 54). These igneous host rock formations are roughly cylindrical in shape and act as a conduit from the Earth's mantle to the contintental crust. Diamonds are differentiated between various types, Ia, Ib, IIa, and IIb. Although this information is important to the diamond cutter, it is of no value to the student merely interested in diamond as a gemstone. Diamond's superior optical properties and hardness has earned this mineral the highest respect in both industry and jewelry. It has a long tradition of invincibility and hence the Greek name, adamas. Excellent sources of noncommercial diamond information can be found at http://www.diamondse.info/ and http://www.diamond.info/. Another good fact source is found at the Molecule of the Month, http://www.bris.ac.uk/Depts/Chemistry/MOTM/diamond/diamond.htm, from Paul May at the University of Bristol, U.K. Image taken from a former site at adiamondisforever.com, sponsored by The Diamond Trading Company Beyond the Facts... Image taken from a former site at adiamondisforever.com, sponsored by The Diamond Trading Company Individuals and societies have ascribed diamond's important status with both symbolism and as a scientific curiosity with industrial value. Therefore, both scientist and laity find diamond fascinating because of the dual nature of scientific-industrial practicality and romantic ethereality created through traditions and advertising. The origin of dimaond may have been uncovered in the twentieth century, but appreciation for diamond has been known since diamond discovery in India, prior to 400 B.C.E.1 (Harlow, 1998, p. 118). Historically, diamond has been referred to as the essence of purity and invincibility, a symbol of royalty, and token of everlasting love (p. 1). Diamond is the birthstone for April. Visit the Diamonds at the Paris Natural History Museum webpage, http://www.mnhn.fr/expo/diamants/index/english/ukinfo.htm#peintures, to find out about how diamonds have been portrayed in paintings from court portraits in the 15th century to information on the French Crown Jewels. The Beau Sancy, a 40 carat diamond in the French crown jewels, is depicted in Marie de Medicis's crown, a painting at the Louvre. Today, 75-80% of the world's natural diamonds are used for industrial purposes and 20-25% for gemstones. It is the chemical and physical properties of this mineral that give it the superior cutting ability for industrial use. Diamond coatings have improved on diamond's industrial applications in cutting and in aiding the performance of semiconductors. It is the optical properties of this mineral that give it the superior beauty and durability to be used as a gemstone. The rarity of this gemstone is related to the petrogenesis of the igneous rock in which the diamond is recovered. Diamond may even be found in meteorites. It is an important economic resource, responsible for developing nations and creating war. Faceting diamond, in order to maximize its optical properties, depends upon a knowledge of geometry. Diamond is the perfect mineral to focus on considering its notoriety and the fact that diamond studies cross disciplines, such as mineralogy, geology, astronomy, material science, mathematics, anthropology, art, history, and economics. Follow up on one such interesting focus, the importance of diamond coatings to a past war, at
http://www.cnn.com/TECH/9610/08/t_t/diamonds/index.html. The Hope Diamond, shown in the image to the right, has a long and colorful history. To read about this deep blue stone, visit # http://www.si.edu/resource/faq/nmnh/hope.htm # http://www.minerals.si.edu/minsci/hope.htm # http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/students/ secrets_of_the_Smithsonian/history_hope_diamond.html # http://www.smithsonianmag.com/issues/1995/may/ mall_may95.php, Mrs. McLean's possession. # http://www.nmnh.si.edu/minsci/images/gallery/3.htm, the Hope Diamond image. # http://history1900s.about.com/library/weekly/aa071300a.htm, The Curse of the Hope Diamond at About.com, 20th Century History. Two other stunning diamond pieces can be viewed at http://www.nmnh.si.edu/minsci/images/gallery/16.htm, the Oppenheimer Diamond, and http://www.nmnh.si.edu/minsci/images/gallery/45.htm, the Hooker Diamond Necklace, Earrings, and Ring. Another special diamond is found in the Iranian Crown Jewels, the Darya-i-Nur. This is one of the oldest faceted diamonds, believed to have been in the collection of the first Mogul emperor of India (Gaal, 1977, p. 68). It is 176 carats, a pale pink color, and mounted in a setting with four rubies and 467 diamonds (p. 68). Visit the Wikipedia sites for more information, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Crown_Jewels_of_Persia or en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daria-i-Noor. The deep blue Hope diamond is located in the Smithsonian, Washington, DC. Image taken from a former site at adiamondisforever.com, sponsored by The Diamond Trading Company Fact or Fiction: Exploring The Nature of Diamonds In addition to the excellent coverage of diamond in your required textbook, many web sites exist to further your cyberknowledge of diamonds! The Nature of Diamonds, from the American Museum of Natural History, adiamondisforever.com, from the Diamond Trading Company, are among the many good overview sites on diamond. The Fact or Fiction presentation below will rely upon these web sites and others to enhance your understanding of diamond.
Tuesday, May 15, 2007
Diamond term
Brilliance:
White light reflected up through the top of a diamond. Cutting a diamond to the correct proportions increases the reflection of light from the facets and maximizes the brilliance.
Brilliant Cut:
A 57-facet round diamond. This shape and faceting arrangement are designed for maximum brilliance, sparkle and beauty.
Carat:
A unit of weight for a diamond. Equivalent to 200 milligrams, or one-fifth of a gram. In ancient India, the carob bean was used for measuring the weight of gems, because of the rare property that every seed weighed the same. The word "carat" today is thought to be derived from the ancient "carob." Because they are increasingly rare, larger diamonds cost much more than smaller stones.
Clarity:
A grade given to a diamond to describe the level of "impurities" or inclusions.
Clarity grades include:
FL = Flawless -- no internal or external inclusions of any kind visible under 10x magnification to a trained eye, the most rare and expensive of all clarity grades
IF = Internally Flawless -- no internal inclusions visible under 10x magnification to a trained eye, but there may be some tiny external irregularities in the finish
VVS-1 = Very Very Small Inclusions 1 -- usually just one tiny inclusion visible only to a trained eye under 10x magnification
VVS-2 = Very Very Small Inclusions 2 -- tiny inclusions visible only to a trained eye under 10x magnification
VS-1 = Very Small Inclusions 1 -- very small inclusions visible with 10x magnification
VS-2 = Very Small Inclusions 2 -- several very small inclusions visible with 10x magnification
SI-1 = Small Inclusions 1 -- small inclusions visible with 10x magnification
SI-2 = Small Inclusions 2 -- several small inclusions visible with 10x magnification
SI-3 = Slightly Inclusions 3 -- inclusions that may be visible to the naked eye for a trained observer
I-1 = Included 1 -- flaws that are visible to the naked eye
I-2 = Included 2 -- many flaws clearly visible to the naked eye that also decrease the brilliance
I-3 = Included 3 -- many flaws clearly visible to the naked eye which decrease the brilliance and compromise the structure of the diamond, making it more easily cracked or chipped
Cloud:
A cluster of very small inclusions inside a diamond that give a cloud effect. Tiny clouds will not interfere with the flow of light, but large or numerous clouds can affect brilliance.
Color:
A grade given to a diamond to describe the subtle tones of color in a stone. D is perfectly colorless, the most rare and expensive color. As you go from D to Z on the normal color scale, it indicates increasing levels of yellow and/or brown tones. It takes a trained eye under special lighting to distinguish between neighboring color grades (such as E to F), but most people can discern the difference between colors that are several grades apart (such as E to H) with a little practice. Fancy colors such as pink, red, blue and green are discovered each year, but they are very rare and incredibly expensive. Such fancy colors do not follow the normal color/pricing scales and are categorized separately.
Color scale:
D Exceptionally White
E Exceptionally White
F Rare White +
G Rare White
H White
I-J Slightly tinted white
K-L Tinted white
M, N-O, P-R, S-Z Tinted Colour
Culet:
A facet on the very bottom of a diamond. It is best to have a small or medium culet. A large culet will make it look like there is a hole in the bottom of the stone due to leakage of light. Absence of a culet makes the point of the diamond more easily damaged or chipped.
Cut:
Commonly used to refer to both the shape of a stone (round, pear, oval, etc.) and the make (the exact geometric proportions to which a diamond is cut). The make of a stone is the most important factor in determining how much sparkle comes from a diamond, regardless of the shape.
Ideal Cut:
Round diamonds that are perfectly proportioned (having depth percentages and table percentages that some people feel produce a "perfect" balance of fire and brilliance). They almost always have the highest grades on polish and symmetry as well, indicating the great care taken in the overall fashioning of hte stone. These diamonds have had the finest craftsmanship to maximize the beauty of the diamond.
Ideal Cut diamonds are usually more expensive than all other cut grades. This is due to three major factors: 1) extra time and skill are required to cut to such precision; 2) they are in great demand, and perhaps most importantly, 3) more of the original rough diamond must be sacrificed to achieve ideal proportions.
Very Good Cut:
Diamonds cut to fit very strict requirements for depth percentage and table percentage. These outstanding proportions maximize fire and brilliance in the diamond.
Good Cut:
Diamonds cut with acceptable, but not perfect, proportions. They generally have very good brilliance and fire and make excellent jewelry.
Fair Cut:
Diamonds cut to less perfect proportions. They have been cut to maximize the weight of the stone, and sacrifice fire and brilliance. While less expensive than diamonds shown as having Good and Very Good cuts, they do not have the brilliance and scintillation (sparkle) people expect from a diamond.
Poor Cut:
Poorly cut diamonds with proportions and finish that make them look relatively lifeless to the eye. We do not recommend such stones for fine jewelry.
Depth:
The height of a diamond (measured from the culet at the very bottom to the large table facet on the top).
Depth %:
The height of a diamond (measured from the culet to the table) divided by the width of the diamond. The depth % is critical to creating brilliance and fire in a diamond. A depth % that is too low or too high will cause light to leak out of the stone, causing the diamond to lose sparkle.
Eye-clean:
A diamond that has no inclusions visible to the naked eye -- flawless to the naked eye. This is normally true of all diamonds with a grade of about SI-1 or higher on the clarity scale.
Facet:
The polished flat surfaces on a diamond. For example, a round brilliant diamond has 58 facets when counting the culet.
Fire:
Colored light reflected from within a diamond. White light entering a stone is separated into the many colors of the rainbow just like a prism. Good fire can only be achieved with very good to excellent proportions. Also called "refraction" or most often "dispersion" in the trade.
Fluorescence:
A glow, usually of a bluish color, which emanates from certain diamonds when exposed to ultraviolet light. Strong fluorescence should be avoided, but faint fluorescence usually does not affect the appearance of a diamond. In fact, faint or moderate blue flourescence is preferred by some customers because it can make a less expensive yellowish color appear more white or colorless in daylight.
Girdle:
The narrow band around the outer circumference of a diamond. The jewelry setting usually holds the diamond around the girdle. Girdles can be rough (looks sandblasted) or faceted (polished like the rest of the diamond). Either one is good, since it makes little difference to the overall beauty of the diamond.
Inclusion:
An impurity within a diamond, such as a spot or irregularity in the crystal structure of the stone. These can include a cloud, a fracture, another diamond inside the bigger one, liquid, etc. Inclusions can either be visible with the naked eye (usually SI-3 clarity and below) or visible only under magnification. Fewer inclusions means a finer clarity grade, increased rarity, and increased value.
Make:
The quality of the finish and proportions of a finished diamond. A good make will have proportions that maximize brilliance and fire. A poor make will decrease sparkle and fire due to the loss of light as it travels through the stone.
Pavilion:
The bottom half of a diamond, from the lower girdle to the culet at the bottom tip. If the pavilion is too deep or too shallow, light will leak out and the diamond will lose fire and brilliance.
Point:
A measure of diamond weight. One point equals 1/100th of a carat. A diamond that weighs 0.50 carat is said to weigh 50 points. This does not refer to the number of facets.
Polish:
A grade given to the external finish of a stone. The polish grades from poor to excellent. Good polish is crucial for maximum brilliance of a diamond, but it takes a trained eye to distinguish between polish grades. Extra facets to remove a part of the rough are common, as well as grainy lines that are visible only under a loupe or microscope.
Sparkle:
The combination of fire (dispersion) and brilliance. The amount of light that reflects out of a diamond as it moves. This is sometimes called "scintillation" by older dealers, including ourselves.
Symmetry:
A grade given to the overall uniformity of a stone's cut, which can range from poor to excellent. Poor symmetry will hurt a diamond's sparkle and fire, due to loss of light as it flows through the stone and out to your eye. We recommend only diamonds with good to excellent symmetry.
Table:
The large flat facet on the top a diamond. If the table facet is too large or too small, it will often indicate poor proportions overall. Poor proportions will hurt a diamond's fire and brilliance.
Table %:
The width of the table divided by the total diameter of the diamond. The table % is critical to creating sparkle and fire in a diamond.
visit :www.diamondland.be
White light reflected up through the top of a diamond. Cutting a diamond to the correct proportions increases the reflection of light from the facets and maximizes the brilliance.
Brilliant Cut:
A 57-facet round diamond. This shape and faceting arrangement are designed for maximum brilliance, sparkle and beauty.
Carat:
A unit of weight for a diamond. Equivalent to 200 milligrams, or one-fifth of a gram. In ancient India, the carob bean was used for measuring the weight of gems, because of the rare property that every seed weighed the same. The word "carat" today is thought to be derived from the ancient "carob." Because they are increasingly rare, larger diamonds cost much more than smaller stones.
Clarity:
A grade given to a diamond to describe the level of "impurities" or inclusions.
Clarity grades include:
FL = Flawless -- no internal or external inclusions of any kind visible under 10x magnification to a trained eye, the most rare and expensive of all clarity grades
IF = Internally Flawless -- no internal inclusions visible under 10x magnification to a trained eye, but there may be some tiny external irregularities in the finish
VVS-1 = Very Very Small Inclusions 1 -- usually just one tiny inclusion visible only to a trained eye under 10x magnification
VVS-2 = Very Very Small Inclusions 2 -- tiny inclusions visible only to a trained eye under 10x magnification
VS-1 = Very Small Inclusions 1 -- very small inclusions visible with 10x magnification
VS-2 = Very Small Inclusions 2 -- several very small inclusions visible with 10x magnification
SI-1 = Small Inclusions 1 -- small inclusions visible with 10x magnification
SI-2 = Small Inclusions 2 -- several small inclusions visible with 10x magnification
SI-3 = Slightly Inclusions 3 -- inclusions that may be visible to the naked eye for a trained observer
I-1 = Included 1 -- flaws that are visible to the naked eye
I-2 = Included 2 -- many flaws clearly visible to the naked eye that also decrease the brilliance
I-3 = Included 3 -- many flaws clearly visible to the naked eye which decrease the brilliance and compromise the structure of the diamond, making it more easily cracked or chipped
Cloud:
A cluster of very small inclusions inside a diamond that give a cloud effect. Tiny clouds will not interfere with the flow of light, but large or numerous clouds can affect brilliance.
Color:
A grade given to a diamond to describe the subtle tones of color in a stone. D is perfectly colorless, the most rare and expensive color. As you go from D to Z on the normal color scale, it indicates increasing levels of yellow and/or brown tones. It takes a trained eye under special lighting to distinguish between neighboring color grades (such as E to F), but most people can discern the difference between colors that are several grades apart (such as E to H) with a little practice. Fancy colors such as pink, red, blue and green are discovered each year, but they are very rare and incredibly expensive. Such fancy colors do not follow the normal color/pricing scales and are categorized separately.
Color scale:
D Exceptionally White
E Exceptionally White
F Rare White +
G Rare White
H White
I-J Slightly tinted white
K-L Tinted white
M, N-O, P-R, S-Z Tinted Colour
Culet:
A facet on the very bottom of a diamond. It is best to have a small or medium culet. A large culet will make it look like there is a hole in the bottom of the stone due to leakage of light. Absence of a culet makes the point of the diamond more easily damaged or chipped.
Cut:
Commonly used to refer to both the shape of a stone (round, pear, oval, etc.) and the make (the exact geometric proportions to which a diamond is cut). The make of a stone is the most important factor in determining how much sparkle comes from a diamond, regardless of the shape.
Ideal Cut:
Round diamonds that are perfectly proportioned (having depth percentages and table percentages that some people feel produce a "perfect" balance of fire and brilliance). They almost always have the highest grades on polish and symmetry as well, indicating the great care taken in the overall fashioning of hte stone. These diamonds have had the finest craftsmanship to maximize the beauty of the diamond.
Ideal Cut diamonds are usually more expensive than all other cut grades. This is due to three major factors: 1) extra time and skill are required to cut to such precision; 2) they are in great demand, and perhaps most importantly, 3) more of the original rough diamond must be sacrificed to achieve ideal proportions.
Very Good Cut:
Diamonds cut to fit very strict requirements for depth percentage and table percentage. These outstanding proportions maximize fire and brilliance in the diamond.
Good Cut:
Diamonds cut with acceptable, but not perfect, proportions. They generally have very good brilliance and fire and make excellent jewelry.
Fair Cut:
Diamonds cut to less perfect proportions. They have been cut to maximize the weight of the stone, and sacrifice fire and brilliance. While less expensive than diamonds shown as having Good and Very Good cuts, they do not have the brilliance and scintillation (sparkle) people expect from a diamond.
Poor Cut:
Poorly cut diamonds with proportions and finish that make them look relatively lifeless to the eye. We do not recommend such stones for fine jewelry.
Depth:
The height of a diamond (measured from the culet at the very bottom to the large table facet on the top).
Depth %:
The height of a diamond (measured from the culet to the table) divided by the width of the diamond. The depth % is critical to creating brilliance and fire in a diamond. A depth % that is too low or too high will cause light to leak out of the stone, causing the diamond to lose sparkle.
Eye-clean:
A diamond that has no inclusions visible to the naked eye -- flawless to the naked eye. This is normally true of all diamonds with a grade of about SI-1 or higher on the clarity scale.
Facet:
The polished flat surfaces on a diamond. For example, a round brilliant diamond has 58 facets when counting the culet.
Fire:
Colored light reflected from within a diamond. White light entering a stone is separated into the many colors of the rainbow just like a prism. Good fire can only be achieved with very good to excellent proportions. Also called "refraction" or most often "dispersion" in the trade.
Fluorescence:
A glow, usually of a bluish color, which emanates from certain diamonds when exposed to ultraviolet light. Strong fluorescence should be avoided, but faint fluorescence usually does not affect the appearance of a diamond. In fact, faint or moderate blue flourescence is preferred by some customers because it can make a less expensive yellowish color appear more white or colorless in daylight.
Girdle:
The narrow band around the outer circumference of a diamond. The jewelry setting usually holds the diamond around the girdle. Girdles can be rough (looks sandblasted) or faceted (polished like the rest of the diamond). Either one is good, since it makes little difference to the overall beauty of the diamond.
Inclusion:
An impurity within a diamond, such as a spot or irregularity in the crystal structure of the stone. These can include a cloud, a fracture, another diamond inside the bigger one, liquid, etc. Inclusions can either be visible with the naked eye (usually SI-3 clarity and below) or visible only under magnification. Fewer inclusions means a finer clarity grade, increased rarity, and increased value.
Make:
The quality of the finish and proportions of a finished diamond. A good make will have proportions that maximize brilliance and fire. A poor make will decrease sparkle and fire due to the loss of light as it travels through the stone.
Pavilion:
The bottom half of a diamond, from the lower girdle to the culet at the bottom tip. If the pavilion is too deep or too shallow, light will leak out and the diamond will lose fire and brilliance.
Point:
A measure of diamond weight. One point equals 1/100th of a carat. A diamond that weighs 0.50 carat is said to weigh 50 points. This does not refer to the number of facets.
Polish:
A grade given to the external finish of a stone. The polish grades from poor to excellent. Good polish is crucial for maximum brilliance of a diamond, but it takes a trained eye to distinguish between polish grades. Extra facets to remove a part of the rough are common, as well as grainy lines that are visible only under a loupe or microscope.
Sparkle:
The combination of fire (dispersion) and brilliance. The amount of light that reflects out of a diamond as it moves. This is sometimes called "scintillation" by older dealers, including ourselves.
Symmetry:
A grade given to the overall uniformity of a stone's cut, which can range from poor to excellent. Poor symmetry will hurt a diamond's sparkle and fire, due to loss of light as it flows through the stone and out to your eye. We recommend only diamonds with good to excellent symmetry.
Table:
The large flat facet on the top a diamond. If the table facet is too large or too small, it will often indicate poor proportions overall. Poor proportions will hurt a diamond's fire and brilliance.
Table %:
The width of the table divided by the total diameter of the diamond. The table % is critical to creating sparkle and fire in a diamond.
visit :www.diamondland.be
diamond for introduction
What is a diamond?
Diamond, the hardest known material is pure carbon, crystallised under a very high pressure and temperature. In nature, such an environment exists only at depths of 150 to 200 km below the surface of the earth. Volcanic eruptions drive the diamond bearing rocks called "Kimberlite" and "Lamproite" to the surface of the earth where the diamonds can be extracted.
Where are the main diamond sources?
Throughout history people have always been fascinated by the beauty and mystery of diamonds. Until the 18th century, India was the only source of diamonds in the world. In the second half of the 19th century, the first diamonds were discovered in Africa and soon after a "diamond rush" started. The first diamond diggers worked individually by hand, but when the pits became deeper large mining companies were established, exploiting the diamond mines with mechanical equipment. Today, the most important diamond supplying countries are Australia and Congo for industrial diamonds and Southern Africa, Australia, Congo, Russia, Namibia and Botswana for gem quality stones.
How are diamonds mined?
The mining methods are very diverse, depending on how diamonds present themselves at the earth's surface. Mining of Kimberlite pipes involves "open-pit" or "underground mining". When freed by erosion from the Kimberlite matrix, diamond crystals are carried along by rivers. Riverbeds are dug away and the river silt is sieved. This technique is called "alluvial mining". "Marine mining" is the exploitation of sandy coastal strata by dredging. Finding diamonds can thus be the result of large industrial operations, but also of small-scale methods, or even manual labour. Diamonds are rare. It is usual that 250 tons of rock, sand and gravel must be processed to yield one carat of diamond. The annual world production amounts to approximately 100 million cts of which only 20% are of gem quality.
How are diamonds transformed from rough to polished?
A rough diamond obtains its final shape and brilliance by a succession of manufacturing processes : cleving, sawing, bruting and polishing.
How is the quality of a diamond defined?
The quality of a diamond is determined by the four C's. Carat , Colour, Clarity and Cut.
What is a carat?
Diamonds are weighed in carats. One carat equals a fifth of a gram. The name "carat" comes from a seed of the carob tree. The seed was called "carubis" and had an approximate weight of about 0.2 grams.
Why is craftsmanship in diamond processing so important?
A diamond can be loupe clean and have the best white colour, but if the facets of the stone have not been placed in perfect harmony, then there is no shine, no fire in the stone. The label "Cut in Antwerp" is a quality label refering to the best diamond cut in the world.
Which are the most famous diamonds in the world?
*
The Cullinan I: a pear shaped diamond of 530.20 carats also called "The Star of Africa". Set in the English crown jewels. Can be admired in the Tower of London.
*
The Koh-I-Noor: This "Mountain of Light" is the oldest of the famous diamonds, has an oval shape and weighs 108.93 carats. Discovered in India, the stone is now part of the Crown Jewels in the Tower of London.
*
The Hope: This is a blue diamond of 44.50 carats and with a remarkable brilliance. At the moment, the stone is on display at the Smithsonian Institute in Washington. Had the reputation to bring misfortune.
What is the economic importance of Antwerp as World Diamond Center?
Antwerp is situated in the heart of Europe, easy to reach by car, plane or train. The diamond center is concentrated on merely two square miles near the Central Railway Station. Over 50 pct of the world production, be it rough or polished, industrial or gem quality diamonds, passes through Antwerp.
What is so special about the Antwerp Diamond District?
The diamond trade in Antwerp is conducted on a small area; the bourses and offices are lined up on a small area. When in sunny weather, the dealers come out in the street for a break and a chat, the outsider is surprised at the variety of types, colour and dress. The Jews have been present in the Antwerp diamond trade ever since the 16th century. The Orthodox Jews can easily be recognized by their black attire of the same cut, hat, beard and hairstyle. There are also other Jews, which only a trained eye can recognize as such. The other community, which is largely presented, in the Antwerp Diamond World is the Indian community. The Indians, who originally specialized in cheap goods, are gaining more experience in larger sizes. The cheap, small brilliant and single cut still comprises the lion's share of their production. But beside these two main communities there are people from all European countries and all continents, who make their living in the diamond trade. In Antwerp all languages and dialects are spoken and this improbable symbiosis has only one thing in common: the diamond. This mosaic of ethnic cultures, life styles and religions can rely on Antwerp's world-renowned hospitality and tolerance.
What is the Diamond High Council?
The HRD was established as a central organisation for the promotion of the interests of the diamond trade, industry and consumer.
What is the difference between a brilliant and a diamond?
This is actually a wrong question. Both cannot be compared as such. A brilliant is only a 'cut', which means that any rough material, be it glass or diamond, can be cut into the shape of a brilliant ( 57 facets ).
2007 Jewelry Trend Guide
It's envitable but a New Year brings with it the "what's in and what's out" list! Last year it seemed Tanzanite was "in" and now because its price has gone through the roof - it's out! However, take a cruise to Caribbean and visit the jewelry stores in St. Thomas and the Tanzanite is overflowing (they can't give it away)!
Could this be because the site holders who control the world's Tanzanite supply are now operating more like a cartel? Like Tanzanite - but don't like the price? Opt for Amethyst - it's inexpensive and you can find some gorgeous Amethyst right on eBay.
In any event, Tanzanite is out in our book until prices come back down to reasonable levels...
Mystic Topaz is "in"...
Mystic Topaz is "in" because it's been touted so much on domestic and international shopping channels that's is just hard to get away from! There are so many variations of this gem available that it's hard to keep up with the new variations coming out on weekly basis. What's great about this gem is that it is a "gem". Mystic Topaz uses a natural Topaz with a coating that transforms the gem into something unlike ever seen before in the gem industry!
Watch for movie stars wearing Pearls this year!
Here's the short list!
Pearls - Akoya, Tahitian and South Sea Pearls (Speaker of the House - Pelosi has set the trend for South Sea and Tahitian Pearl Necklaces)
Briolettes (tear drop emeralds, sapphires and rubies) especially enhancers for South Sea, Akoya and Tahitian Pearl necklaces.
Journey Pendants - Three to five stone Journey Pendants are hot this year
Right Hand Diamond and Sapphire Rings
Lab Created Alexandrite (due to the rising cost of natural alexandrite)
Color Changing Sapphires
Chocolate and White Diamond Right Hand Rings
Invisble Settings (all gems)
Precious Gemstone Pendants - All Colored Sapphires
Pave Diamond Rings - Less expensive than solitaires and a Big Look for less money
White Topaz Pendants (affordable) plus, Topaz in various colors - Green and Artic Blue - Top the List!
These are the Hot Trends for 2007! However, it should go without saying that YOU can be the next trend setter!
BRANDED DIAMONDS & DIAMOND JEWELRY
A few of the brands that are associated with sightholders (in one way or another) include Nakshatra, Asmi, Sangini, Tria, Vera Wang Fine Jewelry, Cento by Roberto Coin, Satva by Mahendra Brothers, the Leo Diamond, PrincessPlus, Cupio, Divine Cut, Pristine Heart, Caressa, Lily Diamond, Criss Cut, Mystery Inside, Glitterati, Gili, Star129, Escada, Regent Cut, Queen of Hearts, Royal Asscher, Michael Beaudry, Natalie K, RItani, Princessa, Elexese, Spice Cut, Orro, Pro68. Forevermark, Crown of Light, Tattoo your Diamond, Amorosso, Cupid, Le Lumiere, Daniel K, Web Cut, Hearts on Fire, Movado, Dream, Renee Melangine, Exire, Tristar, Blond Diamonds, Elara, PureLustre, Isee-2.com, Lovemark, Damas Cut, Russian Princess, Canadia, Brilliant Rose, Fancy Color, Ashoka, Zales Diamond, Lovefire, Lazare Diamond, Scintilla, Ilanga, Lucida, Baby Phat, Kimora, Kristall Symphony, Maharajah, Arisia, and Kiah.
Brands
Branded diamonds and jewelry are the hottest topics in the diamond trade today; hearts and arrows, ideal cuts, round brilliants, squares, fancy shapes, fancy colors, modified rounds and fancies, the Regent, Queen of Hearts, Hearts on Fire, the Lazare Diamond, the Leo Diamond, Dream, Prince, Nakshatra, PrincessPlus, Royal Asscher, Lily Cut, Crisscut, cushion cuts, Rand, Cushette, Zales, Princessa, Flanders, Sirius, Tsarina, Lucida, Elara, Tycoon, Escada, Ashoka, Vera Wang, the Regent, the Queen of Hearts, the Eighternity, the Web Cut, and the Radiant Star to name but a few.
Branded diamonds (patented diamonds, ideal cuts, and hearts and arrows and non-patented cushions and asscher cuts, etc.) can be seen in advertisements and articles in Bride's magazines, Vogue, O Magazine, Town and Country. Patented diamond cuts and designs, trademarked and registered names, "Ideal" cuts, proprietary cuts, new shapes, modified facets, multi-faceted rounds (100, 105, 66 facets), modified squares and rectangular shapes, "composite" diamond shapes are branded.
Countries (Canada, Russia, South Africa, Australia, Namibia, Botswana), colors (layouts and single stones), mines (Rex, BHP), jewelry designers, and retail jewelry stores are promoting their own brands. Polar bears maple leaves, certificate id numbers, symbols, logos - practically anything can be laser inscripted on the girdle of the diamond. Some brands are ionized on the table facet.
A proliferation of names, descriptions, and designs: Adura, Aglaia, Amorillion, Amorosso, Antwerp Certified, Ashoka, Asscher, Aurius, the Buddha cut, Caprice, Champagne and Cognac (Argyle colors), Caressa, Context cut, CrissCut, Crossfor, Cupid, Cut by Guage, Cupid, DeBeersLV, Dillennium, Dream, Dubai, Eighternity, EightStar, Ekati, Elara, Emerella, Escada (with Pluczenik), Eternal Cut, Flanders-Brilliant, the Forevermark (DTC), Flower cuts, Fusion of Souls, Hearts-on-Fire, Hope, Ilanga, J.B. Millennium, J.C. Millenium, Keepsake, Landau Ideal, Lazare Diamond LKI, the Leo Diamond, Lily cut, Love Diamond, Lucere (American and European cuts), Tiffany's Lucida, Nakshatra, Pairfecto, Prince Cut, Princess Plus, Printillion, Pristine Heart, Quadrillion, Radiant, the Rand Diamond, Rex Mining, Royal Asscher, Royal Cuts (Duchess and Baroness), RoyalCrest, Sirius, Spirit of Flanders, StarBurst, Starfire, Tundra, Trillion, Tycoon, Vinci, Wonder, WDC, Yin Yang, Zale, Zoe.
Bringing the brand message to the consumer (male or female) who buys the diamond at the jewelers, or getting the jewlery designer or the diamond buyer at the retail jewelry store to choose your special shape, or color, or faceted brand is the name of the game in today's competitive market. Advertisements, press releases, exhibitions at museums (including the Smithsonian), Jaguar car racing events, fashion shows, launching a new brand, opening a new retail jewelry store, designing for the red carpet, and more.
• De BeersLV opened in London 2 years ago; and, with the tagline "forever now" opened on Fifth Avenue in New York in June 2005. The jewelry designer, Neil Lane, will create a signature collection of diamond jewelry for De Beers LV to launch in November with their opening in Beverly Hills California. Alyce Alston, former group publisher of W and W Jewelry, is the new CEO of De Beers LV USA. Guy Leymarie is CEO of De Beers LV and Raphaele Canot is the artistic director of DeBeersLV
• An 85 carat rough (South Africa origin) diamond is to be polished into a 35 carat D Flawless Ashoka diamond was displayed at Elton John's "White Tie & Tiara Ball". The William Goldberg Company recently formed a new strategic alliance with Chopard to create a collection of one-of-a-kind watches and jewelry featuring Ashoka Diamonds.
• K.R. Gems and Diamond International's branded diamond is the Eighternity. The model, Tiffany Fallon, has been named “Playmate of the Year”by Playboy magazine. The marketing company, Harmon Group, noted that retail jewelers selling the branded diamond would probably gain from the publicity.
• In 2004, a Dali Diamond press release announced that Irish singer and actress, Samantha Mumba, wearing a dress set withWebCut® Diamonds, "stole the show at the London premiere of the Spiderman II movie".
The diamond business has been changing, and we’re changing with it. In the next few months, we’ll be telling you where you can buy diamonds (both online and off) cut and polished by the diamantaires affiliated with diamond exchanges and bourses worldwide (including Shanghai, Russia, and Dubai); and cutting and polishing diamonds in diamond polishing factories around the world. We’ll let you know about the launch of the Nakshatra brand outside of India - starting with Dubai. And also all of the hearts and arrows options that are available under different brand names or private labels.
For now, for online information on branded diamonds and hearts and arrows, these are some of the more interesting sources that I have found.
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